University of Guilan Aquatic Physiology and Biotechnology 2345-3966 13 2 2025 10 23 Examination of the hemolymph indices and innate immunity of the western white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed with a combined extract of brown macroalgae and single-cell probiotic (Bacillus subtilis IS0) Examination of the hemolymph indices and innate immunity of the western white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed with a combined extract of brown macroalgae and single-cell probiotic (Bacillus subtilis IS0) 137 160 9335 10.22124/japb.2025.28719.1555 FA Paria Akbary Professor in Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran Ashkan Ajdari Ph.D. in Aquatic Health, Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran Journal Article 2024 10 16 This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract combination of brown macroalgae and the bacterium Bacillus subtilis IS0 on the hemolymph indices and non-specific immunity of the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A total of 2400 post-larvae with an average weight of 29±0.87mg were stocked at a density of 100 individuals in 8 groups (with three replicates). The control group received a diet without the combined macroalgae extract (MPE) and single cell probiotic (P), while the other groups were fed diets containing 15g/kg MPE, 1% (P1), 2% (P2) and 3% (P3) probiotics and combinations of the macroalgae extract with the probiotic (P1+MPE, P2+MPE and P3+MPE) for a period of 60 days. The results showed that the highest total hemocyte count was observed in the groups fed with P2+MPE and P3+MPE, at 15.36±0.35 and 15.10±0.36 ×106/mL), respectively, which were significantly different from the other experimental groups and control (P<0.05). The simultaneous use of an aqueous extract of macroalgae with different concentrations of single-cell probiotics significantly increased the number of granular, semi-granular and hyaline cells compared to the control group and other experimental groups. The highest counts of these cells were found in the groups fed with P2+MPE and P3+MPE, showing a significant difference from the other experimental groups (P<0.05). The highest protein level (111.47±9.21mg/mL) and the lowest glucose level (9.0±0.91mg/dL) were observed in the group fed P2+MPE, showing a significant difference compared to the control and other experimental groups (P<0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that the simultaneous use of the combined extract of brown macroalgae and 2% single-cell probiotic improved hemolymph indices and innate immune system in white shrimp. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract combination of brown macroalgae and the bacterium Bacillus subtilis IS0 on the hemolymph indices and non-specific immunity of the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A total of 2400 post-larvae with an average weight of 29±0.87mg were stocked at a density of 100 individuals in 8 groups (with three replicates). The control group received a diet without the combined macroalgae extract (MPE) and single cell probiotic (P), while the other groups were fed diets containing 15g/kg MPE, 1% (P1), 2% (P2) and 3% (P3) probiotics and combinations of the macroalgae extract with the probiotic (P1+MPE, P2+MPE and P3+MPE) for a period of 60 days. The results showed that the highest total hemocyte count was observed in the groups fed with P2+MPE and P3+MPE, at 15.36±0.35 and 15.10±0.36 ×106/mL), respectively, which were significantly different from the other experimental groups and control (P<0.05). The simultaneous use of an aqueous extract of macroalgae with different concentrations of single-cell probiotics significantly increased the number of granular, semi-granular and hyaline cells compared to the control group and other experimental groups. The highest counts of these cells were found in the groups fed with P2+MPE and P3+MPE, showing a significant difference from the other experimental groups (P<0.05). The highest protein level (111.47±9.21mg/mL) and the lowest glucose level (9.0±0.91mg/dL) were observed in the group fed P2+MPE, showing a significant difference compared to the control and other experimental groups (P<0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that the simultaneous use of the combined extract of brown macroalgae and 2% single-cell probiotic improved hemolymph indices and innate immune system in white shrimp.

https://japb.guilan.ac.ir/article_9335_eb0f8156c1d4c86670af8823a33ba749.pdf