Identification of a strictly aerobic Aeribacillus pallidus strain Gh1 from a hot water spring in Gheynarjeh, Ardebil Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Scientific Member in Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Water samples were collected from Gheynarjeh hot water spring, around Sabalan Mountain in Ardebil province. One isolate (Gh1), isolated from the hot water spring was chosen for further studies. This selection was based on the isolates ability to grow faster and within the temperature limits chosen. Isolate characteristics were determined by culture on various selective aerobic and anaerobic media, biochemical assays, identification of typical lipids, 16S rDNA sequencing and drawing the phylogenetic tree. Isolate Gh1 was 1μm wide and 3-4μm in length and an endospore-forming non-motile Gram positive bacillus with rectangular terminal spores. The optimal growth temperature was 58-60°C, with Tmin and Tmax at 30°C and 72°C, respectively. The optimal pH for growth was 8.0 and it grew between pH 6 and 10. NaCl concentrations of 0.5–1.0% encouraged growth, but at 2% NaCl, growth was inhibited. The only carbohydrate source with a positive effect on bacterial growth was starch. The isolate exhibited amylolytic as well as gelatinolytic, catalase and oxidase activities. The isolate was aerobic and no growth was observed on anaerobic medium. Cell wall fatty acid analysis showed the presence of phosphatidyl ethanolamine, diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol and several unidentified lipids and phospholipids. Diaminopimelic acid could not be detected in the peptidoglycan. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis exhibited 99.72% identity with Aeribacillus pallidus. Other important characteristics, such as movement and anaerobiosis were different from those previously reported isolates. In addition, the results showed that the presence/absence of phosphatidyl ethanolamine cannot be used as a variable for differentiating between Geobacillus and Aeribacillus.

Keywords

References

Banat I.M., Marchant R. and Rahman T.J. 2004. Geobacillus debilis sp. nov., a novel obligately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a cool soil environment, and reassignment of Bacillus pallidus to Geobacillus pallidus comb. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54: 2197–2201.
Baron E.J. and Finegold S.M. 1990 Diagnostic Microbiology. Mosby USA. 861P.
Becker B., Lechevalier M.P., Gordon R.E., Lechevalier H.A. 1964. Rapid differentiation between Nocardia and Streptomyces by paper chromatography of whole-cell hydrolysates. Applied Microbiology, 12: 421–423.
Brown T.A. 2000. Essential Molecular Biology, A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, UK. 243P.
Coorevits A., Dinsdale A.E., Halket G., Lebbe L., De Vos P., Van Landschoot A. and Logan N.A. 2012. Taxonomic revision of the genus Geobacillus: Emendation of Geobacillus, G. stearothermophilus, G. jurassicus, G. toebii, G. thermodenitrificans and G. thermoglucosidans (nom. corrig., formerly ‘thermoglucosidasius’); transfer of Bacillus thermantarcticus to the genus as G. thermantarcticus comb. nov.; proposal of Caldibacillus debilis gen. nov., comb. nov.; transfer ofG. tepidamans to Anoxybacillus as A. tepidamans comb. nov.; and proposal of Anoxybacillus caldiproteolyticus sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 62: 1470–1485.
Jurtshuk, P. Jr and McQuitty D.N. 1976 Use of a Quantitative Oxidase Test for Characterizing Oxidative Metabolism in Bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 31(5): 668–679.
Kasai H., Watanabe K., Gasteiger E., Bairoch A., Isono K., Yamamoto S. Harayama S. 1998. Construction of the gyrB database for the identification and classification of bacteria. Genome Informatics, 9: 13–21.
Koonin E.V. and Wolf Y.I. 2008. Genomics of bacteria and archaea: The emerging dynamic view of the prokaryotic world. Nucleic Acids Research, 36(21): 6688–6719.
Lebedinsky A.V., Chernyh N.A. and Bonch Osmolovskaya E.A. 2007. Phylogenetic systematics of microorganisms inhabiting thermal environments. Biochemistry (Moscow), 72(12): 1299–1312.
Lokre S.S. and Kadam D.G. 2014. Production and characterization of thermostable lipase from Aeribacillus sp. SSL096201. GERF Bulletin of Biosciences, 5(2): 1–7.
Minana-Galbis D., Pinzon D.L., Loren J.G., Manresa A., Oliart-Ros R.M. 2010. Reclassification of Geobacillus pallidus (Scholz et al. 1988) Banat et al. 2004 as Aeribacillus pallidus gen. nov., comb. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 60: 1600–1604.
Minnikin D.E., O’Donnell A.G., Goodfellow M., Alderson G., Athalye M., Schaal A. and Parlett J.H. 1984. An integrated procedure for the extraction of isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2: 233–241.
Nazina T.N., Tourova T.P., Poltaraus A.B., Novikova E.V., Grigoryan A.A., Ivanova A.E., Lysenko A.M., Petrunyaka V.V., Osipov G.A., Belyaev S.S. and Ivanov M.V. 2001. Taxonomic study of aerobic thermophilic bacilli: Descriptions of Geobacillus subterraneus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Geobacillus uzenensis sp. nov. from petroleum reservoirs and transfer of Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus sthermocatenulatus, Bacillus thermoleovorans, Bacillus kaustophilus, Bacillus thermoglucosidasius and Bacillus thermodenitrificans to Geobacillus as the new combinations G. stearothermophilus, G. thermocatenulatus, G. thermoleovorans, G. kaustophilus, G. thermoglucosidasius and G. thermodenitrificans. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 51: 433–446.
Parte A.C. 2018. LSPN- List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 68(6): 1825–1829.
Pikuta E., Cleland D. and Tang J. 2003. Aerobic growth of Anoxybacillus pushchinoensis K1T: Emended descriptions of A. pushchinoensis and the genus Anoxybacillus. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 53: 1561–1562.
Pikuta E., Lysenko A., Chuvilskaya N., Mendrock U., Hippe H., Suzina N., Nikitin D., Osipov G. and Laurinavichius K. 2000. Anoxybacillus pushchinensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel anaerobic, alkaliphilic, moderately thermophilic bacterium from manure, and description of Anoxybacillus flavithermus comb. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 50: 2109–2117.
Rossi F., Dellaglio F. and Torriani S. 2006. Evaluation of recA gene as a phylogenetic marker in the classification of dairy propionibacteria. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 29: 463–469.
Sanger F., Nicklen S. and Coulson A.R. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA, 74(12): 5463–5467.
Schleifer K.H. 2008. The low G + C Gram-positive Bacteria. P: 19–328. In: De Vos P., Garrity G., Jones D., Krieg N.R., Ludwig W., Rainey F.A., Schleifer K.H. and Whitman W.B. (Eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Vol. 3:  The Firmicutes. Springer, New York.
Scholz T., Demharter W. Hensel R. and Kandler O. 1987. Bacillus pallidus sp. nov., a new thermophilic species from sewage. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 9: 91–96.
Tourova T.P., Korshunova A.V., Mikhailova E.M., Sokolova D.S., Poltaraus A.B. and Nazina T.N. 2010. Application of gyrB and parE sequence similarity analyses for differentiation of species within the genus Geobacillus. Microbiology, 79: 356–369.
Yasawong M., Areekit S. Pakpitchareon A., Santiwatanakul S. and Chansiri K. 2011. Characterization of thermophilic halotolerant Aeribacillus pallidus TD1 from Tao Dam Hot Spring, Thailand. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 12: 5294–5303.
Zeigler D.R. 2005. Application of a recN sequence similarity analysis to the identification of species within the bacterial genus Geobacillus. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 55: 1171–1179.
Zheng C., Li Z., Su J., Zhang R., Liu C. and Zhao M. 2012. Characterization and emulsifying property of a novel bioemulsifier by Aeribacillus pallidus. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 113(1): 44–51.
Aquatic Physiology and Biotechnology
Volume 8, Issue 1
June 2020
Pages 19-36

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics