Survey of heavy metal concentration in the muscle of common carp (Cyprinus carpio ) from Hamoun international wetland after twenty years of drought

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Natural Ecosystems Management, Hamoun International Wetland Research Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Assistant Professor in Department of Aquatic Science, Hamoun International Wetland Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

10.22124/japb.2022.22829.1478

Abstract

It is crucial to investigate the amount of metals in the muscle tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) because of their high consumption in Sistan region, from Hamoun international wetland in wet years. Therefore, in the present study, C. carpio was captured from Hamoun Pouzak, Hirmand and Sabouri and prepared through acid digestion method and the concentration of heavy metals was measured using ICP. Statistical analysis showed the significant difference among three lakes in which Sabouri lake had the highest metal concentration (P<0.05). Also, the accumulation patterns of metals in the muscle tissue were Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cd. The amount of Ni, Cr and Mn were higher than the WHO and FAO guidelines. The maximum amounts of THQ for Cd in infants and adults were 2.458 and 0.097, respectively. In addition, the HI measured in adults was <1 and showed no health risk in 227g consumption rate. While, it’s calculated with an amount of 6.08 in infants. In conclusion, the consumption of C. carpio may cause health effects in infants, especially for Cd.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Adegbola I.P., Aborisade B.A. and Adetutu A. 2021. Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Saratherodon melantheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele rivers, Nigeria. Toxicology Reports, 8: 1445–1460. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.07.007
Aissaoui A., Sadoudi-Ali D., Cherchar N. and Gherib A. 2017. Assessment and biomonitoring of aquatic pollution by heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) in Hamman Grouz dam of Mila (Algeria). International Journal of Environmental Studies, 74(3): 428–442. doi: 10.1080/00207233.2017.1294423
Authman M.M.N., Zaki M., Khallaf E.A. and Abbas H.H. 2015. Use of fish as bio-indicator of the effects of heavy metals pollution. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 6(4): 1–13. doi: 10.4172/2155-9546.1000328
Baby J., Raj J.S., Baby E.T., Sankarjanesh P., Jeevitha M.V., Ajisha S.U. and Rajan S.S. 2010. Toxic effect of heavy metals on aquatic environment. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 4(4): 939–952. doi: 10.4314/ijbcs.v4i4.62976
Chan W.Z., Routh J., Luo C., Dario M., Miao Y., Luo D. and Wei L. 2021. Metal accumulations in aquatic organisms and health risks in an acid mine-affected site in south China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 43: 4415–4440. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00923-0
Dehghani M. 2017. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in eight fish species of the Khur-e Khuran International Wetland in the Persian Gulf, Iran. International Journal of Aquatic and Biology, 5(1): 33–39. doi: 10.22034/ijab.v5i1.208
Elsagh A. 2011. Determination of some heavy metals in Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio fillet from south Caspian Sea. Veterinary Research and Biological Products, 23(4): 33–44.
Ettefaghdoost M. 2019. Study of heavy metal bio-accumulation in the edible muscle tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) from the Siah Darvishan River, Guilan Province, Iran. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 86(16): 251–261.
FAO/SIDA. 1983. Manual of methods in aquatic environment research. Part 9. Analysis of metals and organochlorine in fish. FAO fish Technical paper 212. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Italy. P: 14–20.
Gautam R.K., Sharma S.K., Mayia S., Suresh B., Mahesh C. and Chattopadhyaya A. 2015. Contamination of heavy metals in aquatic media: Transport, toxicity and technologies for remediation. P: 1–24. In: Sanjay Sharma S. (Ed.). Heavy Metals in Water: Presence, Removal and Safety. The Royal Society of Chemistry. UK. doi: 10.1039/9781782620174-00001
Han J.L., Pan X.D., Chen Q. and Huang B.F. 2021. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in marine fish to the population in Zhenjiang, China. Scientific Reports, 11: 1–9 (11079). doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90665-x
Hatami P., Naji A. and Safaei M. 2018. Accumulation of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni) in the muscle tissue of Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795) and Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) from the Oman Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyological Research, 5(4): 45–62.
Imanpour Namin J. and Forouhar Vajargah M. 2022. Heavy metals accumulation in fish, a growing threat in the Caspian Sea. Water, 2(1): 9–13. doi: 10.52293/WES.2.1.913
Jilai Z., Fang L., Song J.Y., Luo X., Fu K.D. and Chen L.Q. 2019. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae) from the upper Mekong River. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26: 9490–9499. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04291-2
Khoshnamvand M., Kaboodvandpour S. and Ghiasi F. 2010. A Survey on accumulated mercury in different tissues of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) from Sanandaj Gheshlagh Dam. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 3(3): 291–298.
Lahijani O., Rastegari Mehr M., Shakeri A. and Yeganehfar M. 2020. Study of heavy metals in bottom sediments of Mahabad river and dam, and investigating the risk of consumption of edible fish in the area. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 13(1): 49–64.
Maleki S., Soffianian A.R., Soltani Koupaei S., Pourmanafi S. and Sheikholeslam F. 2018. Analysis of changes in the Hamun Wetland water body and land-use/land-cover changes during annual water inundation. Journal of Iran-Water Resources Research, 14(1): 206–225.
Mansouri B., Maleki A., Davari B., Azadi N. and Pordel M.A. 2017. Food risk assessment of heavy metals in consumption of common carp in Zarivar Wetland. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 26(146): 201–205.
Mehmood M.A., Qadri H., Bhat R.A., Rashid A., Ganie S.A., Dar G.H. and Reman S. 2019. Heavy metal contamination in two commercial fish species of a trans-Himalayan freshwater ecosystem. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191(2): 1–16 (104). doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7245-2
Meshkiniy S. and Rasooli Aghdam H. 2019. Comparing accumulation of some heavy metals (mercury, copper, zinc) in liver and muscle tissues of grown carp and sea carp. Veterinary Research and Biological Products, 32(2): 75–83. doi: 10.22092/VJ.2018.120174.1418
Nasrollahzadeh Saravi H., Pourgholam R., Pourang N., Rezaei M., Makhlough A. and Unesipour H. 2013. Heavy metal concentrations in edible tissue of Cyprinus carpio and its target hazard quotients in the southern Iranian Caspian Sea coast, (2010). Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 23(103): 33–44.
Nouri G.R., Arbabi T. and Nouri S. 2007. Hamun Wetland, the Life of Sistan (In Persian). Sepehr Publisher, Iran. 152P.
Ob B. and Lo C. 2019. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in fish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from two lagoons in south-western Nigeria. Journal of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, 5: 1–7 (027). DOI: 10.23937/2572-4061.1510027
Pakzad Toochaei S. 2013. Survey of heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn) accumulation in muscle, liver, kidney, gill and scales of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix of Sistan’s Chahnimeh. Journal of Oceanography, 4(13): 21–28.
Rajeshkumar S. and Li X. 2018. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish species from the Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China. Toxicology Reports, 5: 288–295. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.01.007
Sadeghi Bajgiran S., Pourkhabbaz A.R., Hasanpour M. and Sinka Karimi M.H. 2016. A study on zinc, nickel, and vanadium in fish muscle of Alosa caspia and Sander lucioperca and food risk assessment of its consumption in the southeast of the Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 8(4): 423–432.
Sankhla M.S., Kumari M., Nandan M., Kumar R. and Agrawal P. 2016. Heavy metals contamination in water and their hazardous effect on human health- A review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 5(10): 759–766. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2016.510.082
Siraj M., Khisroon M., Khan A., Zaidi F., Ullah A. and Rahman G. 2018. Biomonitoring of tissue accumulation and genotoxic effect of heavy metals in Cyprinus carpio from river Kabul Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 100: 344–349. doi: 10.1007/s00128-017-2265-5
Soegianto A. and Irawan B. 2009. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic animals collected from coastal waters of Gresik, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 6(2): 95–100. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-3002-3_10
Solgi E., Alipour H. and Majnooni F. 2018. Assessment of heavy metal concentrations in the muscle s of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) from the southern coast of the Caspian Sea and potential risks to human health. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 27(1): 119–130.
Staniskiene B., Matusevicius P., Budreckiene R. and Skibniewska K.A. 2006. Distribution of heavy metals in tissues of freshwater fish in lithuania. Polish Journal of Environment Study, 15(4): 585–591.
Szabo R., Mocan T. and Bodolea C. 2021. Iron, Copper and Zinc homeostasis: Physiology, physiopathology and nanomediated applications. Nanomaterials, 11(11): 1–17. doi: 10.3390/nano11112958
US EPA. 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories, Vol. 1: Fish Sampling and Analysis. United States Environmental Protection Agency, USA. 485P.
US EPA. 2011. Regional Screening Level (RSL) Summary Table. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved December, 06, 2011, from http://www.epa.gov/regshwmd/risk/human/Index.htmlastupdate.
Wang S., Zhang N., Sun S., An Q., Li P., Li X., Li Z. and Zheng W. 2022. Trends and health risk of trace metals in fishes in Liaodong bay, China, from 2015 to 2020. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8: 1–13 (789572). doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.789572
Weher S.M. 2008. Levels of heavy metal Cd, Cu and Zn in three fish species collected from the Northern Jordan Valley, Jordan. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(1): 41–46.
Yeganeh S., Abedi S.Z. and Rahmani H. 2013. A comparative study on some biological parameters in wild and farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Animal Biology, 5(3): 67–76.
Yi Y., Tang C., Yi T., Yang Z. and Zhang S. 2017. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in fish and accumulation patterns in food web in the upper Yangtze River, China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 145: 295–302. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.022
Younesipour H., Nasrollahzadeh Saravi H. and Sadatipour S.T. 2014. Study on bioaccumulation of essential (Fe, Cu, Zn) and semi-essential (Ni, Co, Mn) heavy metals in the edible tissue of Cyprinus carpio of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Aquaculture Development, 8(1): 95–106.
Yuan H.Z., Shen J., Liu E., Wang J. and Meng X. 2011. Assessment of nutrients and heavy metals enrichment in surface sediments from Taihu Lake, a eutrophic shallow lake in China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 33: 67–81. doi: 10.1007/s10653-010-9323-9
Zhang Z., He L., Li J. and Wu Z. 2007. Analysis of heavy metals of muscle and intestine tissue in fish in Banan section of Chongqing from three Gorges reservoir, China. Polish Journal of Environmental Study, 16: 949–958.