Extraction, purification and structural identification of the halophilic microalgae Cyanothece sp. and evaluation of its antibacterial activity

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor in Department of Biotechnology, Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran

2 Ph.D. in Aquatic Health, Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran

3 M.Sc. in Department of Ecology, Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran

4 .Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar‐e‐Lengeh, Iran

10.22124/japb.2024.28244.1551

Abstract

This study aimed to extract, characterize and evaluate the antibacterial activity of the polysaccharide derived from the halophilic microalga Cyanothece sp. The strain was cultivated under laboratory conditions, and the resulting biomass was harvested. The polysaccharide extraction process was optimized by investigating the effects of extraction temperature (40, 60 and 80°C) and time (60, 120 and 180 minutes). Following initial extraction, the crude polysaccharide was purified using chromatographic techniques, specifically gel filtration chromatography. Physicochemical characteristics, including homogeneity, molecular weight and monosaccharide composition, were determined. Antibacterial efficacy was assessed in vitro using the disk diffusion method. The results indicated that the optimal extraction yield was achieved at 80°C over a duration of 180 minutes. The purified polysaccharide exhibited a molecular weight of 103kD. The monosaccharide profiling revealed a complex structure comprising rhamnose, fucose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose, glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid, present in the following molar ratios: 1.7, 0.8, 1.0, 3.2, 6.1, 4.5, 5.0 and 6.0%, respectively. Also, the extracted polysaccharide significantly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (P<0.05). Based on these findings, the polysaccharide derived from Cyanothece sp. possesses promising antimicrobial properties and warrants further investigation as a potential candidate for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.

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References

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Aquatic Physiology and Biotechnology
Volume 13, Issue 2
November 2025
Pages 1-20

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